It's sometimes difficult to see the difference between a fad and a trend。（）

How many parties are there in a collection？

(1)______i. e. ______.

(2)______i. e. Exporter's Bank.

(3)______i. e. Importer's Bank.

(4)______i. e.______.

Sometimes collection business appears other parties such as (5) ______,

(6)______.

er, Can You Write a Check？" The distressing economy has resulted in increasing numbers of parents and grandparents helping out their strapped adult children and grandkids with home down payments, credit-card bailouts(紧急财政援助), and spare cash--often at the same time as parents are trying to confront new retirement budgets.

"We are seeing a ton of this," says Ross Levin, an Edina, Minn., financial adviser. "Sometimes it's a great idea and sometimes it is not. You have to make sure you put on your own oxygen mask first."

Some 62 percent of visitors to Grandparents.com have helped their kids financially in the past year, with 70 percent of that group handing over cash to help their adult children and grandchildren with daily expenses, says the site's CEO, Jerry Shereshewsky. Another popular category is housing; in the last year many parents have coughed up down payments to help their kids get into homes while the 8,000 first-time home buyer's credit was in effect.

Then there's the debt-bailout situation. A survey recently conducted by Creditcards.com for Newsweek found that 42 percent of folks with adult children have helped them pay off car loans, credit cards, medical bills, and more.

None of this is surprising to Shereshewsky, who sees the trend as a natural result of changing families and the distribution of wealth. "This is where all the money is--and it's where the money is, despite the fact that we've had this meltdown." In general, the baby-boom generation is far wealthier than their children are, and has a lower unemployment rate than 20-somethings. He says that the vast majority of multi-generation households now involve adult children (and sometimes their children) moving in with aging parents. Baby-boom parents generally aspire to helping their kids and their grandchildren and don't want to wait until they are dead to do it.

"You should give while you're young enough to enjoy the fruits of what you're doing," says Shereshewsky, who is personally considering getting a reverse mortgage on his home when it comes time to help his 20-something kids with home purchases.

According the passage, people are regarded as "strapped" if they are ______.

A．jobless in the recession

B．in financial difficulties

C．dependent on their parents

D．troubled by credit card debt

Questions are based on the following passage．

Children do not think the way adults do．For most of the first year of life， if something is out of sight， it"s out of mind．If you cover a baby"s（36）toy with a piece of cloth， the baby thinks the toyhas disappeared and stops looking for it．A 4-year-old may（37）that a sister has more fruit juicewhen it is only the shapes of the glasses that differ， not the（38）of juice．

Yet children are smart in their own way．Like good little scientists， children are always testing their child-sized（39）about how things work．When your child throws her spoon on the floor for the sixth time as you try to feed her， and you say， "That"s enough! I will not pick up your spoon again!"

the child will（40）test your claim．Are you serious？ Are you angry？ What will happen if she throws the spoon again？ She is not doing this to drive you（41）; rather， she is learning that her desires and yours can differ， and that sometimes those（42 ）are important and sometimes they are not．

How and why does children"s thinking change？ In the 1920s， Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget proposed that children"s cognitive （认知的） abilities unfold（43）， like the blooming of a flower，almost independent of what else is（44）in their lives．Although many of his specific conclusions havebeen（45）or modified over the years， his ideas inspired thousands of studies by investigators all over the world．

A．advocate

B．amount

C．confirmed

D．crazy

E．definite

F．differences

G．favorite

H．happening

I．Immediately

J．Naturally

K．Obtaining

L．Primarily

M．Protest

N．Rejected

O．Theories

第（36）题

查看材料

Alicia: Would you tell me something about stock shares？

Brian: OK.(1)In other words, if you buy shares of stock in a business, you become a partial owner of the business.

Alicia: How can investors make money？

Brian: (2)if a person invests in a company that does very well.

Alicia: It's possible for the investors to get a complete loss, isn't it？

Brian: Everyone wants the stock market to go up, but sometimes, (3)This is usually true for all stocks.

A.The price of each share will go up.

B.even when a company does well the stock may go down.

C.Shares represent a partial ownership of the company.

D.There is a listed company behind every stock

reat number if human societies men's sureness of their sex role is tied up with their right, or ability, to practice some activity that women are not allowed to practice. Their maleness in fact has to be underwritten by preventing women from entering some field or performing some feat."

This is the conclusion of the anthropologist Margaret Mead about the way in which the roles of men and women in society should be distinguished.

If talk and print are considered it would seem that the formal emancipation of women is far from complete. There is a flow of publications about the continuing domestic bondage of women and about the complicated system of defences which men have thrown up around their hitherto accepted advantages, taking sometimes the obvious form. of exclusion form. types of occupation and sociable groupings; and sometimes the more subtle form. of automatic doubt of the seriousness of women's pretensions to the level of intellect and resolution that men, it is supposed, bring to the business of running the world.

There are a good many objective pieces of evidence for the erosion of men's status. In the first place, there is the widespread postwar phenomenon of the women Prime Minister, in India, Sri Lanka and Israel.

Secondly, there is the very large increase in the number of women who work, especially married women and mothers of children. More diffusely there ate the increasingly numerous convergences between male and female behaviour: the approximation to identical styles in dress and coiffure, the sharing if domestic tasks, and the admission of women to all sorts of hitherto exclusively male leisure-time activities.

Everyone carries round with him a fairly definite idea of the primitive or natural conditions of human life. It is acquired more by the study of humorous cartoons than of archaeology, but that does not matter since it is not significant as theory but only as an expression of inwardly felt expectations of people's sense of what is fundamentally proper in the differentiation between the roles of the two sexes. In this rudimentary natural society men go out to hunt and fish and to fight off the tribe next door while women keep the fire going. Amorous initiative is firmly reserved to the man, who sets about courtship with a club.

The phrase "men's sureness of their sex role" in the second line, first paragraph suggests that they ______.

A．are confident in their ability to charm women

B．take the initiative in courtship

C．have a clear idea of what is considered "manly"

D．tend to be more immoral than women are

Questions are based on the following passage．

In fact， even without humans， the Earth"s climate changes．Some climate change is（36）But，as greenhouse gases are added to the atmosphere， human influence "emerges" from natural variability．Droughts， one of the most Intensely studied climate events， are a perfect example of an（37）with both natural and human influences．Separating the（38）strengths of the influences is a challengefor scientists．However， with the large social and economic costs of droughts， it is a challenge thescientists must（39）.

In a very recent study published in the Journal of Climate， authors Richard Seager and MartinHoerling cleverly used climate models forced by sea surface temperatures to（40）how much of thepast century"s North American droughts have been caused by ocean temperatures， natural variability and human influences．

Droughts can be caused by a （n）（41）of separate or interactional phenomena．At its root，drought results from the low（42）of water falling and sometimes higher temperatures （which increaseevaporation rates）．The beginning of drought can often be linked to variations in ocean temperatures．

It is also found that the oceans can affect the atmosphere to create conditions that are（43）responsible for drought．What"s more， temperature increases（44）withhuman-driven global warmingalso play a role．This（45）agrees with other researchers who have shown that， while human-emittedgreenhouse gas warming may not cause a particular drought， it can make drought come on earlier，faster， and harder than it otherwise would．

A．associated

B．attached

C．conclusion

D．conduct

E．distinguish

F．effect

G．natural

H．Partly

I．Quality

J．Quantity

K．Relative

L．Ridiculous

M．Simply

N．Undertake

O．variety

第（36）题应填__________ 查看材料

nd their native culture and【B1】inter national business values. Most of these values come from the United States. And【B2】the most global of companies are often【B3】influenced by Western cultural values. This【B4】a number of issues for companies recruiting in China, and for the local people who apply【B5】work for them. It is sometimes said that multinational companies have the economic power of nation states. For many Chinese people, employment in a Western company can be【B6】moving to a foreign country during working hours.

One major difference is the attitude towards the individual, and his or her【B7】to others. The Western-【B8】tend to believe that success is【B9】to individuals, whether they work together or【B10】. The Western idea of teamwork is about directing and individual's【B11】to wards a goal. Going on from this, Western style. workplaces are often "achievement oriented"【B12】than "relationship oriented". They may also value innovation over traditional methods. They【B13】change as more important than stability【B14】even prefer conflict to compromise.

If these philosophical differences are badly managed, they can lead to conflict【B15】an organization. Human resources professionals in China are【B16】familiar with the situation【B17】the Western manager cannot open his or her mouth at offending someone and【B18】constantly com plains that nothing【B19】done. Cultural differences can go deeper than relations in the workplace. They may even【B20】a company's long-term strategy.

【B1】

A．adjust

B．accord

C．adopt

D．avoid

Section B

A)Last July, Julie Baldocchi's mother had a massive stroke and was paralyzed. Baldocchi suddenly had tobecome a family caregiver, something that she wasn't prepared for. "I was flying by the seat of my pants," saysBaldocchi, an employment specialist in San Francisco. Both of her parents are 83, and she knew her fathercouldn't handle her mother's care. The hospital recommended putting her mother in a nursing home. Baldocchiwasn't willing to do that. But moving her back into her parents' home created other problems. Baldocchi,48, ismarried and lives about a mile away from her parents. She has a full-time job and has back problems thatmake it difficult for her to lift her mother. "I couldn't do it all," she says. "But I didn't even know how to findhelp."

B)

With help from the Family Caregiver Alliance, she eventually hired a live-in caregiver. "But even if you planintellectually and legally, you're never ready for the emotional impact," Baldocchi says. In the first two monthsafter her mother's stroke, she lost about 30 pounds as stress mounted. More than 42 million Americans providefamily caregiving for an adult who needs help with daily activities, according to a 2009 survey by the AARP.An

additional 61.6 million provided at least some care during the year. And many are unprepared.

C)

While many parents lack an advance care directive, it's the most basic and important step they can take. Thedirective includes several parts, including: a durable power of attorney, which gives someone legal authority tomake financial decisions on another's behalf; a health care proxy, which is similar to the power of attorney,except it allows someone to make decisions regarding medical treatment; and a living will that outlinesinstructions for end-of-life care. (For example, parents can say if they want to be kept alive by artificialmeasures.) "It's invaluable for the kids, because it's hard to make those decisions for a parent," says JenniferCona, an elder-law attorney at Genser Dubow Genser & Cona in Melville, N.Y. An advance care directive isthe first line of defense if a situation arises, says Kathleen Kelly, executive director of the Family CaregiverAlliance, which supports and educates caregivers. Without an advance directive, the family will have topetition the court to be appointed the parent's legal guardian, says AgingCare.com.

D)

It's important for families to talk about long-term care so the adult children know their parents' preferences,wishes and goals, says Lynn Feinberg, a caregiving expert at AARP. But ifs not an easy conversation. Elderlyparents are sometimes suspicious of their children's financial motives, says Susan John, a financial planner atFinancial Focus in Wolfeboro, N.H. One client asked John to hold a family meeting because they needed anintermediary to talk about financial issues, she says. And when there are many siblings, the family decisionscan become a three-ring circus with much acrimony, says Ann-Margaret Carrozza,

an elder-law attomey inGlen Cove, N.Y. Families who need information and help sorting out disagreements can call on elder-lawattorneys, financial planners, geriatric care managers and caregiver support groups. In February, AARP said itwill offer its members a new caregiving support service through financial services firm Oenworth.

E)

Many families are unprepared for quick decisions, especially when they find out that Medicare doesn't pay forlong-term care, Feinberg says. The median cost of a year in a private room at a nursing home in 2011 was$77,745, according to Genworth. And only those who have spent most of their assets can qualify for Medicaidto pay for the nursing home.

F)

Assisted living is another option. Residents can have their own apartment to maintain some independence. Butthe facilities generally provide personal care services, such as meals, housekeeping and assistance withactivities. Still, it's not cheap: The national median cost in 2011 was $39,135, according to Genworth. Assistedliving isn't covered by Medicaid.

G)

If they have a choice, at least 90% of elderly parents prefer to stay at home as long as they can, according toAARP research. But if the parents can no longer safely live at home, it can be hard for children to move theminto an adult care facility. There may be another option. Sometimes the home can be modified so a parent canstay there. For example, Baldoechi put in a chair lift for her mother. She also arranged for a home caregiver.

H) Family caregivers take over many responsibilities. One might manage a parent's finances, while anothersibling will take the parent to doctors' appointments and shopping. Those who move in with a parent take on asignificant and sustained burden of care. Jan Walker moved into her mother's home in Leesburg, Fla. After hermother, who is 83, had fallen, she wasn't able to get around as well. Walker,55, has three brothers. But she isthe only daughter, is divorced and has no children. "I always knew that this was the role that I would have, andI guess my mind was prepared for it," says Walker, who now is a full-time caregiver and works from home asa tutorial instructor for a digital scrapbooking website. "When you get into the trenches, it's literally baptismby fire," she says. "New things come up. It's not just about advance planning for finances or medical care. It'severything," she says.

I) Carcgivers need to also watch their own health. "There is such a thing as caregiver burnout," Cona says.Among female caregivers 50 and older,20% reported symptoms of depression, according to a 2010 study onworking caregivers by MetLife. "It's a hard job," Walker says. "But most worthwhile things are hard. She wasalways there for me when I needed a helping hand. It's only natural that I be here for her now."

根据以上内容，回答46-56题。

46、When elderly parents cannot live at home safely, their children can change their home instead of sending them to an adult care facility.

47、To talk about long-term care is not easy because sometimes aged parents are suspicious of their children's financial motives.

48、Besides advance planning for finances or medical care, family caregivers take over many other responsibilities.

49、The difference between a durable power of attorney and a health care proxy is that the latter allows someone tomake decisions regarding medical treatment.

50、Baldocehi did not want to send her mother to a nursing home, but she had difficulty taking care of her.

51、Over 42 million caregivers helped an adult with everyday activities in the USA in 2009.

52、If a family needs information or help to sort out disagreements, there are many people they can call on.

53、Caregivers should pay attention to their own health, or they may bum out or.become depressed.

54、One will have to petition the court to be the parent's legal guardian, if there is no advance directive.

55、The national median cost of assisted living in 2011 was $39,135 and it is not covered by Medicaid.

e supermarkets here are full of them，aren't they？ (19)Perhaps that is why our food is not very tasty．as you may have found out already．

W：But frozen foods are convenient and handy．aren't they？ Just think of all tile tedious work we would have to do in the kitchen if it weren't for frozen foods and the like．

M：Yes．that's true! (20)But you spend much more time cooking and preparing meals in your country than we do in Britain．don't you？

W：Yes．I suppose we do．You make less fuss about food than we do．In my own country，we have two big meals a day，that is，lunch and dinner，and we spend a lot of time preparing them．(21)Here in Britain，you have only one big meal a day, apart from breakfast and lunch snack, and you spend much less time preparing it．

M：Yes，but we're just as fond of good and delicious food as you are．

W：Well, you certainly don't show it!

M：We do fuss about our meals sometimes，and remenber，we like to eat out on special occasions，such as weekend evenings．birthday parties and other celebrations．London is full of foreign restaurants where you can get all the exotic dishes of the world．You must come out with us one evening，Lisa．

W：Thank you very much，I'd love to．That's what I like about London．(22)There's always so much to see and do!I think I made a wise decision when I chose to live and study in London．

(23)

A．They are everywhere and tasty.

B．Food is not tasty because of them.

C．They spoil the food in Britain.

D．They make food taste bad.

ments" says a significant change took place last year. The report【C1】______this week from U. N. Habitat, a United Nations agency.

A century ago,【C2】______than five percent of all people lived in cities.【C3】______the middle of this century it could be seventy percent, or【C4】______six and a half billion people. Already three-fourths of people in【C5】______countries live in cities. Now most urban population【C6】______is in the developing world.

Urbanization can【C7】______to social and economic progress, but also put【C8】______on cities to provide housing and【C9】______. The new report says almost two hundred thousand people move【C10】______cities and towns each day. It says worsening inequalities,【C11】______by social divisions and differences in【C12】______, could result in violence and crime【C13】______cities

plan better.

Another issue is urban sprawl(无序扩展的城区). This is where cities【C14】______quickly into rural areas, sometimes【C15】______a much faster rate than urban population growth.

Sprawl is【C16】______in the United States. Americans move a lot. In a recent study, Art Hall at the University of Kansas found that people are moving away from the【C17】______cities to smaller ones. He sees a【C18】______toward "de-urbanization" across the nation.

【C19】______urban economies still provide many【C20】______that rural areas do not.

【C1】

A．came on

B．came off

C．came over

D．came out